Calorie Restriction Versus Resveratrol Treatment
Researchers here compare the effects of calorie restriction and dietary resveratrol on the pace of sarcopenia, the age-related loss of muscle mass and strength. What I take away from this is that calorie restriction produces meaningful results on this front, albeit modest in comparison to what we'd like to see, and resveratrol doesn't.
Aging is associated with a loss in muscle known as sarcopenia that is partially attributed to apoptosis. In aging rodents, caloric restriction (CR) increases health and longevity by improving mitochondrial function and the polyphenol resveratrol (RSV) has been reported to have similar benefits. In the present study, we investigated the potential efficacy of using short-term (6 weeks) CR (20%), RSV (50 mg/kg/day), or combined CR+RSV (20% CR and 50 mg/kg/day RSV), initiated at late-life (27 months) to protect muscle against sarcopenia by altering mitochondrial function, biogenesis, content, and apoptotic signaling in both glycolytic white and oxidative red gastrocnemius muscle (WG and RG, respectively) of male Fischer 344 x Brown Norway rats.CR but not RSV attenuated the age-associated loss of muscle mass in both mixed gastrocnemius and soleus muscle, while combined treatment (CR+RSV) paradigms showed a protective effect in the soleus and plantaris muscle. Sirt1 protein content was increased by 2.6-fold in WG but not RG muscle with RSV treatment, while CR or CR+RSV had no effect. PGC-1α levels were higher (2-fold) in the WG from CR-treated animals when compared to ad-libitum (AL) animals but no differences were observed in the RG with any treatment.
These data suggest that short-term moderate CR, RSV, or CR+RSV tended to modestly alter key mitochondrial regulatory and apoptotic signaling pathways in glycolytic muscle and this might contribute to the moderate protective effects against aging-induced muscle loss observed in this study.
A little off topic, but I was wondering if you were familiar with the 2045 Initiative. The 2045 movement stands for radical extension of human life by means of cybernetic technologies. It is funded by Russian Millionaire Dimitry Itskov. (Below is the link to the cnbc interview with Dimitry)
http://video.cnbc.com/gallery/?video=3000175960&play=1
A more definitive global gene array study was conducted among fully-grown mice over a 12-week period where the mice were not overdosed as in the study presented cited above (3000 mg human equivalent - 60 kilograms X 50 mg resveratrol, which is a pro-oxidant dose). Barger, Weindruch and Prolla, noted aging researchers, placed lab mice on a 12-week course of CR, resvertrol or a commercially-available resveratrol pill that contained a matrix of polyphenols including resveratrol (Longevinex). CR significantly differentiated 198 genes; resveratrol 225 genes; the resveratrol/polyphenol matric 1711 genes. If these lab mice were to adhere to CR over their lifetime, 831 genes would be significantly differentiated. The resveratrol/polyphenol matrix switched 81% of these 831 genes in the same direction as CR. The study as published in Experimental Gerontology in 2008 and largely ignored by aging researchers and the FightAging site. [Source: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18657603 ] This study has strong implications for those taking resveratrol pills. If this animal study can be translated to humans, then it would take a lifetime of taking resveratrol pills to fully mimic CR whereas that same effect was exceeded by short-term use of a resveratrol/polyphenol martrix. -- Bill Sardi (I have a commercial interest in resveratrol pills.)